Chronic prostatitis is a serious disease that occurs with periodic exacerbations and requires long-term complex treatment. Inadequate therapy or its absence leads to the development of various complications, one of which is calculous prostatitis, one of the most severe forms of the disease. Calcular prostatitis develops from indolent congestive prostatitis and is diagnosed in men over 65 years of age.
Calculated prostatitis
Any form of prostatitis is characterized by inflammation of the prostate, which can be acute or chronic. Calcareous prostatitis is a form of inflammation caused by the presence of stones (stones) in the vas deferens of the prostate.
Chronic calcified prostatitis is a rare complicated inflammation of the prostate. It is preceded by years of inadequate therapy for chronic congestive prostatitis or prostate adenoma.
In most cases, a complication occurs in men who have tried to treat prostatitis themselves or have not followed the recommendations of the attending physician. Interruption of the course of therapy at will, the lack of complex treatment or independent uncontrolled intake of medications lead to the development of complications. Quite often, the calcareous form of prostatitis develops against the background of concomitant pathologies of the kidneys and urinary system.
The formation of stones in the prostate can be due to two factors. The first of these is urolithiasis. In this case, they speak of secondary or false stones that do not form in the prostate, but migrate into it along a downward path with the urine. This happens against the background of a violation of the urinary system and as a result of a decrease in the tone of the prostate, which causes the reverse reflux of urine with stone fragments.
Primary or true stones are formed directly in the prostate. This is due to a chronic violation of the trophism of the organ. At the same time, salts and phosphates accumulate in the prostate, which against the background of thickening of the gland secretion form dense salt deposits - stones.
Calculated prostatitis does not appear immediately. This is usually a result of untreated chronic inflammation of the prostate.
Reasons for the development of the disease
The development of calculous prostatitis is due to a long-term dysfunction of the prostate or concomitant diseases of the male genital area. Factors provoking the development of this form of the disease can be:
- congestive prostatitis with a chronic course;
- chronic infectious prostatitis;
- BPH;
- malignant neoplasms in the body;
- urolithiasis disease;
- disturbance of the kidneys.
The structure of the stones can be organic and inorganic, their diameter rarely exceeds 4 mm. The organic structure of the stones is due to the stagnation of the secret of the prostate, such stones are formed directly in the secret of the prostate.
Inorganic stones enter the prostate as a result of urethro-prostatic reflux. This phenomenon is observed when the tone of the prostate is weakened and there is a reflux of urine from the urethra into the prostate ducts. This forms dense stones, made up of salts and phosphates, which are excreted from the body in the urine.
Among the factors predisposing to the development of calculous prostatitis is a lifestyle violation against the background of chronic inflammation of the prostate. These include an unbalanced diet, rich in fatty and heavy foods, the lack of a regular sex life.
Calculated prostatitis is diagnosed in men who have been living with chronic prostatitis for more than 10 years. The emergence of this form of the disease is in many ways associated with incorrect or untimely treatment of a sluggish inflammatory process.
Urolithiasis increases the likelihood of calculous prostatitis.
symptoms of the disease
Symptoms and treatment of chronic calculous prostatitis are not much different from signs of inflammation against the background of congestion of the pelvic organs. Patient complaints include:
- frequent urge to urinate;
- heaviness in the rectum;
- pain after urination;
- weakening of potency;
- ejaculation disorders;
- blood in the urine and semen.
It is the presence of blood in the urine or seminal fluid that makes it possible to suspect the calculous form of the disease before visiting a doctor. At the moment of contraction of the corresponding muscles, during ejaculation or urination, the stones move and injure the prostate tissue. As a result, blood is found in the urine.
As a rule, the calculous form of prostatitis is always accompanied by a violation of sexual function. This can manifest itself in a weakening of potency and problems with ejaculation. Men often complain about the impossibility of climaxing during intercourse.
However, in some cases, calculous prostatitis can be asymptomatic. This is observed in the formation of small stones.
A characteristic feature of this form of prostatitis is the presence of blood in the urine.
diagnosis of the disease
Diagnosis of calculous prostatitis is carried out on the basis of the same examinations that reveal chronic inflammation.
To make a diagnosis, you must undergo the following examinations:
- rectal palpation of the prostate;
- ultrasound or TRUS;
- MRI;
- prostate secretion analysis.
When palpating the organ rectally, the doctor clearly feels the heterogeneity of the prostate, which is manifested by the presence of tubercles and depressions in the organ. If the stones are large, they are clearly felt when palpated. Also, massage of the prostate in the presence of stones can be painful, and after the manipulation it can be accompanied by the release of blood, which is due to damage to the tissues of the organ due to the presence of dense salt deposits.
In ultrasound or TRUS, stones are characterized by increased echogenicity. Such an examination allows you to accurately assess the location of the stones, their size, contours and even structure.
In addition, ultrasound of the kidneys and urethrography may be required to exclude the secondary nature of the formation of stones against the background of diseases of the urinary system.
On ultrasound, the presence of stones, their location and size are well determined.
principle of treatment
Treatment of calculous prostatitis is a long process. Therapy aims to stop inflammation, relieve symptoms, destroy stones and prevent them from forming again. The treatment usually lasts at least a month.
Treatment of calculous prostatitis begins with symptomatic therapy based on the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antibiotics and alpha-blockers. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs relieve pain and improve well-being. Antibacterial therapy is carried out only if calculous prostatitis develops against the background of infectious inflammation of the prostate and pathogenic microorganisms are detected during the examination. Preparations from the group of alpha-blockers are indicated in the development of urinary disorders. These medicines relax the bladder and make it easier to urinate.
An important role in the treatment of calculous prostatitis is played by physiotherapy aimed at improving the trophism of the prostate. Electrophoresis, magnetotherapy, shock wave therapy are practiced.
If the stones are large, it is possible to have surgery to remove them. As a rule, minimally invasive methods and laser surgery are used.
Medium-sized stones are successfully crushed with a laser. This procedure is performed on an outpatient basis, is absolutely painless and takes no longer than 20 minutes. If there are several stones, a process is required.
With calculous prostatitis, prostate massage is forbidden, since it leads to damage to the tissues of the organ when the stones move.
How to cure calculous prostatitis - it depends on the size of the stones and the symptoms of the disease. For small stones, treatment is carried out with the help of medication and physiotherapy, which, among other things, aims to break up stones. Larger stones are surgically removed. The operation is performed under anesthesia.
Possible complications
Calcular prostatitis is dangerous with the risk of developing an abscess in the prostate. Such a complication requires immediate hospitalization and surgical intervention, otherwise the abscess can open on its own, which will lead to the development of sepsis.
The lack of adequate and timely therapy can lead to the development of paraproctitis. This disease is characterized by inflammation of the subcutaneous tissue surrounding the rectum. A purulent inflammation can have dangerous consequences, up to and including sepsis and infection of the entire organism.
One of the most common complications in the absence of timely treatment of calculous prostatitis is erectile dysfunction. Often the presence of stones in the prostate leads to infertility.
The likelihood of complications is determined during the examination and diagnosis. In addition, during the treatment of calculous prostatitis, the patient is shown regular ultrasound and prostate secretion analysis to assess the effectiveness of the chosen treatment regimen.
The most common consequence is a violation of potency.
disease prevention
Despite the fact that calculous prostatitis is curable, the attending physician always warns about the risk of recurrence of stones. To prevent this, a man must follow a few recommendations.
Preventing the recurrence of the disease boils down to a balanced diet and regular sexual activity. Greasy and spicy foods that negatively affect urinary tract function should be avoided. Be sure to give up bad habits and exercise regularly to avoid stagnation of blood and lymph in the pelvic organs.
Since calculous prostatitis is most often a complication of chronic prostatitis, specific prevention of the disease is reduced to timely treatment of prostatitis. You should follow the doctor's recommendations and not try to treat prostatitis yourself.
Very often, men faced with this disease do not pay due attention to the symptoms, hoping that the discomfort will go away on its own. As a result, prostatitis is not treated and can persist in a latent form for many years, periodically manifesting itself with exacerbations. It is important to understand that a timely visit to the doctor and proper therapy will relieve the disease in a few months.
Another common mistake that leads to the development of calculous prostatitis is to stop treatment for chronic inflammation at the first improvement. As a result, the disease goes untreated and definitely makes itself felt when immunity is reduced.
Therefore, in order to avoid the formation of stones in the prostate, you should follow a few rules:
- consult a doctor in time;
- Strictly follow the instructions of a specialist.
- Don't let the disease take its course.
Every man who has had prostatitis should have a urological examination once a year.